![]() sp 3 Hybridization: one s orbital and three p orbitals intermix to form four sp 3 hybridized orbitals. ![]() sp 2 Hybridization: one s orbital and two p orbitals intermix to form three sp 2 hybridized orbitals.sp Hybridization: one s orbital and one p orbital intermix to form two sp hybridized orbitals.Based on the type of orbitals, hybridization can be classified into sp, sp 2, sp 3, sp 3d, sp 3d 2, and sp 3d 3.Atomic orbitals with equal energies undergo hybridization.Other Important Topics From Chemical BondingĬhemical Bonding and Molecular Structures Carbon compounds containing triple bonds.Beryllium compounds such as BeCl 2 BeF 2.It is also called diagonal hybridization.sp hybridized orbital has an equal distribution of s and p orbital characteristics (50%-50%).The molecules formed are linear and have a bond angle of 180 0.Sp Hybridization is where when one s orbital and one p orbital intermix to form an sp hybridized orbital. The positive sign is denoted for the bigger lobe of the hybrid orbital and the negative sign for the smaller lobe on the opposite side.īased on the types of atomic orbitals involved in intermixing, hybridization can be classified as follows:.Once the hybridization is known, the molecule shape can be easily predicted.Hybridization occurs only during bond formation.Half-filled or completely filled orbitals can participate in hybridization.The number of atomic orbitals formed is equal to the number of atomic orbitals involved in mixing.Only atomic orbitals with equal energies undergo hybridization.Some interesting features of hybridization are listed below: Based on the type of orbitals, the hybridization can be labeled as sp, sp 2, sp 3, sp 3d, sp 3d 2, and sp 3d 3.During the process of hybridization, the atomic orbitals of equivalent energy such as two ‘s’ orbitals or two ‘p' orbitals or ‘s’ orbital with a ‘p’ orbital or ‘s’ orbital with a ‘d’ orbital are intermixed to form hybridized orbitals.The theory of Hybridisation is an extension of the Valence bond theory which helps us to understand the characteristics of the bond parameters such as bond order, bond length, bond angle, etc.This intermixing is primarily based on quantum mechanics.There is minimum repulsion between these hybridized orbitals. When two or more atomic orbitals of different shapes but identical energy levels re-distribute themselves to form hybrid orbitals that have a slightly different shape, equivalent energy levels, and orientations, it is called hybridization or hybridisation. Key Terms: Hybridization, sp, sp 2, sp 3 Hybridization, Atomic Orbitals, Valence Bond Theory, Bond Angle, Molecular Orbital Theory
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